Beyond metabolic benefits, recent studies also indicate that IF may moderate immune dysregulation by influencing critical inflammatory signaling pathways, which could have therapeutic implications for autoimmune diseases [59]
Moreover, in DNA methylation alterations of tumor cells induced by GLP-1RAs, studies have demonstrated that during breast cancer progression, tumor suppressor genes such as ESR1, CDH1, and ADAM33 are downregulated due to hypermethylation alterations in their promoter regions
Bendall JK, Alp NJ, Warrick N, Cai S, Adlam D, Rockett K, Yokoyama M, Kawashima S, Channon KM
Antioxidant levels in the body do not change overnight
DNA damage triggers a prolonged p53-dependent G1 arrest and long-term induction of Cip1 in normal human fibroblasts
10.1083/jcb.201511036 J