Lipoic acid Lipoic acid and its reduced form, dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA), neutralize the free radicals in both lipid and aqueous domains and are called universal antioxidants. It is categorized as thiol or biothiol. They are sulfur-containing molecules that catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of alpha-keto acids, such as pyruvate and alpha-ketoglutarate, in the Krebs cycle
(PubMed) La Marca M, Beffy P, Della Croce C, et al
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For research use, it must be reconstituted with Bacteriostatic Water
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